Impact of manufacturers' eco-design decisions on the closed-loop supply chain under recycling rate regulations.

ABSTRACT: To address increasingly severe environmental issues, various countries have introduced relevant environmental protection regulations. This paper proposes a new government regulation measure to encourage manufacturers to improve recycling rates. Governments set recycling rate targets and reward-penalty mechanisms. This paper constructs a game model involving a manufacturer and a remanufacturer within a closed-loop supply chain system. It studies the equilibrium decisions in three scenarios: no government intervention, manufacturers not taking improvement measures despite government-set recycling rate targets, and manufacturers adopting ecological design after such targets are established. Results indicate that after governments establish recycling rate target: (1) After manufacturers adopt

SUBMITTER: Liu W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11813158 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature