Acute myeloid leukemia with RAM immunophenotype: A report of three patients and comprehensive literature review.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The RAM immunophenotype (IP) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is defined by blasts with bright CD56 and weak-to-negative CD45, HLA-DR, and CD38 expression. A RAM IP predominantly presents in infants who have "standard-risk disease" under current criteria but, when treated accordingly, have devastatingly high rates of minimal residual disease and relapse with lower 3-year and overall survival rates. However, given the relative rarity of this phenotype, it is neither well-defined nor readily diagnosed.

Methods

We reviewed the electronic medical records of our institution from 1990 to 2024 for cases of AML expressing bright CD56 on flow cytometry and identified three cases with a RAM IP. Further, we performed a thorough literature search and reviewed impactful studi

SUBMITTER: Parisi X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11815336 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature