Rack1 promotes breast cancer stemness properties and tumorigenesis through the E2F1-SOX2 axis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The primary factors contributing to the deterioration and death of patients with breast cancer are metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance. These phenomena are closely related to the presence of breast cancer stem cells; however, the exact mechanisms regulating stemness remain to be elucidated. Rack1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1), a well-known versatile scaffold protein, has been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression in numerous cancer types; however, its specific role in breast cancer stemness remains to be elucidated.

Methods

Using bioinformatic and immunohistochemical approaches, we validated that the expression level of R

SUBMITTER: Jia Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11823217 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature