Association between toxic heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid disease: a scoping review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Toxic heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) are known to be priority pollutants due to their high degrees of toxicity and widespread presence in the environment. This review aimed to explore the association between heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid diseases by synthesizing findings from observational and experimental studies. This review addressed a critical intersection of environmental health, endocrinology, and public health. The findings would be of interest to a wide range of disciplines given the ubiquitous presence of toxic heavy metals in the environment and their potential to disrupt endocrine systems. The evidence-based information from diverse fields generated from this review will provide insights into

SUBMITTER: Rafi'i MR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11827576 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature