The inhibitory effect of intraspinal microstimulation of the sacral spinal cord on nonlinear bladder reflex dynamics in cats.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve, pelvic nerve, sacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and spinal cord has been explored to treat urinary incontinence and overactive bladder (OAB). This study introduces sacral intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) as a novel method to inhibit spontaneous bladder reflexes in anesthetized cats. In addition, we investigated the effects of intermittent and switching stimulation patterns on bladder inhibition.

Methods

The electrode was implanted in the dorsal horn of the S2 spinal cord. Bladder pressure was recorded under isovolumetric conditions, and the stimulation parameters were adjusted to inhibit spontaneous bladder contractions. Nonlinear dynamic methods, including chaos theory, were employed to analyze the complexity of bl

SUBMITTER: Qasemi A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11830707 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature