Causal relationship between circulating inflammatory cytokines and the risk of hernia: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Observational studies suggest a link between hernia and inflammatory cytokines, but randomized trials are limited by ethical and cost constraints. In this study, we used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and five types of hernia, aiming to inform preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Methods

We selected 41 inflammatory factors and five types of hernia as instrumental variables, using data from the IEU Open GWAS database including individuals of European descent. The primary analysis used the inverse variance weighted method with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. Additional MR methods and sensitivity analyses ensured robustness. Reverse MR was used to assess potential reverse causal

SUBMITTER: Qi Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11831628 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature