Non-AUG HIV-1 uORF translation elicits specific T cell immune response and regulates viral transcript expression.

ABSTRACT: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is a complex retrovirus that relies on alternative splicing, translational, and post-translational mechanisms to produce over 15 functional proteins from its single ~10 kb transcriptional unit. Using ribosome profiling, nascent protein labeling, RNA sequencing, and whole-proteomics of infected CD4 + T lymphocytes, we characterized the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational landscape during infection. While viral infection exerts a significant impact on host transcript abundance, global translation rates are only modestly affected. Proteomics data reveal extensive transcriptional and post-translational regulation, with many genes showing opposing trends between transcript/ribosome profiling and protein abundance. These findings hig

SUBMITTER: Labaronne E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11836288 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature