Heterogeneity in polyamine metabolism dictates prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint blockade holds promise in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but its efficacy remains limited. Dysregulated polyamine metabolism and its interaction with oncogenic pathways promote tumor progression. However, the heterogeneity of polyamine metabolism and its effects on the immune microenvironment and response to immunotherapy in HCC remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic and immunotherapeutic implications of polyamine metabolism in HCC. Based on polyamine-related genes, HCC patients were categorized into two clusters with distinct survival outcomes. We developed a polyamine-related signature, termed PAscore, which was found to be a strong predictor of both poor prognosis and reduced immunocyte infiltration. Notably, a high PAscore was also ass

SUBMITTER: Pan J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11839726 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature