A mediation analysis of meteorological factors on the association between ambient carbon monoxide and tuberculosis outpatients visits.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) exposure has been identified as an emerging environmental risk factor contributing to the progression of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the epidemiological evidence remains inconsistent. This study aims to investigate the short-term association between low-level CO exposure and PTB outpatient visits in a developing region.

Methods

We conducted a time-series study utilizing a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) combined with mediating effect analysis, based on daily CO and PTB cases from 2011 to 2020 in Ningbo, China.

Results

Among all patients with PTB, a 0.1 mg/m³ increase in CO concentration was associated with an increased risk of PTB outpatient visits in the single-pollutant model, particularly at lag

SUBMITTER: He T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11841497 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature