"Pet effect" patterns: Dynamics of animal presence and caregiver affect across (tele)work and non-work contexts.

ABSTRACT: Human-animal interactions (HAI) may relate to animal caregivers' affect, also referred to as the "pet effect". However, studies have not explored these associations in work contexts or evaluated longitudinal patterns of HAI with other activities across work and non-work contexts, and their associations with caregiver emotions. We therefore assess momentary associations between HAI during (tele)work and non-work time and positive and negative caregiver affect (PA/NA), identify person-level patterns of longitudinal HAI state trajectories, and analyze cross-level moderating effects of these patterns on momentary associations between HAI and PA/NA. First, we evaluated associations between momentary HAI and caregiver PA/NA including the moderating role of momentary work state (teleworking vs. n

SUBMITTER: Delanoeije J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11841913 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature