Mimicking women's endocrine milieu in mice for women's health-related studies.

ABSTRACT: To improve preclinical studies and their translation, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are increasingly used. They have human-specific tumor characteristics and reflect intra and inter-tumor heterogeneity. However, the endocrine milieu differs between humans and host mice. In light of sex-specific cancer biology and a rise in endocrine-related cancers there is an urgent need to correctly reflect the hormonal milieu in PDX models. We show that female mice of NOD.Cg-Prkdc ^scid Il2rg ^tm1Wjl /SzJ (NSG) strain widely used for PDXs has 17-β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels comparable to C57Bl6 females but higher progesterone (P4) levels. E2 levels are comparable, T levels are lower and P4 levels higher than those observed

SUBMITTER: Constantin C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11845318 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature