Omission of Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Evaluation of PROSPECT in a National Database.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

The PROSPECT trial showed noninferiority of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with selective chemoradiation (CRT) versus CRT alone. However, trial results are often difficult to reproduce with real-world data. Pathologic outcomes and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by neoadjuvant strategy in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients in a national database.

Methods

The 2012-2020 National Cancer Database was queried for clinical T2N1 and T3N0-1 rectal adenocarcinoma patients with definitive resection. Patients were categorized by neoadjuvant treatment with CRT alone, NAC alone, and NAC with CRT. Outcomes included R0 resection, pathologic complete response (PCR), and OS.

Results

Of 18 892 patients, 16 126 (85.4%) received CRT, 1018 (5.4%

SUBMITTER: Buchheit JT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11849708 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature