Origins of Ultrasensitivity and Complex Signaling Dynamics of Cellular Hydrogen Peroxide and Peroxiredoxin.

ABSTRACT: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) plays a crucial role in cell signaling in response to physiological and environmental perturbations. H₂O₂ can oxidize typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (PRX) first into a sulfenic acid, which resolves into a disulfide that can be reduced by thioredoxin (TRX)/TRX reductase (TR). At high levels, H₂O₂ can also hyperoxidize sulfenylated PRX into a sulfinic acid that can be reduced by sulfiredoxin (SRX). Therefore, PRX, TRX, TR, and SRX (abbreviated as PTRS system here) constitute the coupled sulfenylation and sulfinylation cycle (CSSC), where certain oxidized PRX and TRX forms also function as redox signaling intermediates. Earlier studies have revealed that the PTRS system is capable of rich signaling dynamic

SUBMITTER: Liu S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11852172 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature