T-Cell Receptor/CD3 Downregulation and Impaired Signaling in HTLV-1-Infected CD4+ T Cells of HAM Patients.

ABSTRACT: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), a hematological malignancy, and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM), a progressive neurological disorder. HTLV-1 predominantly infects CD4+ T cells in vivo. The T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex on CD4+ helper T cells plays a pivotal role in immune responses by recognizing antigens and facilitating coordination with other immune cells. Dysfunction of the TCR/CD3 complex may impair immune function. Although CD3 downregulation has been identified as a characteristic of ATL cells, it remains uncertain whether a similar downregulation occurs in HTLV-1-infected cells from HAM patients. We hypothesized that HTLV-1 infection leads to TCR and CD3 downregulation, contributing to immune dysfunctio

SUBMITTER: Nozuma S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11855110 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature