Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Patterns of Expression of Stage-Specific Genes in Early <i>Apis cerana</i> Embryos.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

Apis cerana development is described as comprising four stages: embryo, larva, pupa, and adult. There are significant differences between workers and drones in terms of physiological functions and social roles, and the formation of the organ primordia occurs during the embryonic stage. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the differential expression of and alternative splicing of genes in worker and drone embryos and to explain their unique developmental patterns.

Methods

Long-read sequencing (PacBio Iso-Seq) and short-read sequencing (Illumina RNA-Seq) were used to investigate worker and drone embryo gene expression differences in A. cerana across five developmental points (12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h).

Results

The

SUBMITTER: Su R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11855871 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature