Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations.

ABSTRACT: We performed a thorough search of the literature published through December 2024 with no date exclusions on invasive fungal infection (IFI)-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The frequency of IFI-induced HLH reported across 16 articles was 9%. Of the 116 identified cases with available clinical information, 53% occurred in immunocompromised patients. IFIs were usually disseminated (76%), with Histoplasma capsulatum being the most common pathogen (51%). IFI and HLH were diagnosed simultaneously in most cases (78%). The 30-day survival rate was 64%. Reported cases had significant heterogeneity in patient characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Chiu CY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11856227 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature