Phylogenomic Analyses of the Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN) Gene in Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 4 Isolates in Japan.

ABSTRACT: To better understand the phylogenomics of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene and HN protein in human parainfluenza virus type 4 (HPIV4), we performed phylogenomic analyses using various bioinformatics methods. The main bioinformatics analyses included a time-scaled phylogeny, genetic distance assessments, and three-dimensional (3D) structure mapping of the HN protein with conformational epitope and selective pressure analyses. The time-scaled phylogenetic tree indicated that the most recent common ancestor of the HN gene emerged approximately 100 years ago. Additionally, the tree revealed two distinct clusters corresponding to HPIV4a and HPIV4b. The divergence times for the most recent common ancestors of the HN gene in HPIV4a and HPIV4b strains were estimated t

SUBMITTER: Otani K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11857914 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature