Identifying Major Factors for Success and Failure of Conservation Programs in Europe.

ABSTRACT: In Europe, various conservation programs adopted to maintain or restore biodiversity have experienced differing levels of success. However, a synthesis about major factors for success of biodiversity-related conservation programs across ecosystems and national boundaries, such as incentives, subsidies, enforcement, participation, or spatial context, is missing. Using a balanced scorecard survey among experts, we analyzed and compared factors contributing to success or failure of three different conservation programs: two government programs (Natura 2000 and the ecological measures of the Water Framework Directive) and one conservation program of a non-governmental organization (NGO; Rewilding Europe), all focusing on habitat and species conservation. The experts perceived the NGO program a

SUBMITTER: Farwig N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11861224 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature