Microsatellite instability-high status as a pan-cancer biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers are linked to exceptional benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but studies on their efficacy across various MSI-H cancer types are limited.

Methods

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing ICIs to chemotherapy in advanced MSI-H/dMMR cancers were systematically reviewed. Eligible studies included 13 RCTs with 1633 MSI-H patients across colorectal, gastric, and endometrial cancers. Data were analyzed using hazard ratios for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), with subgroup analyses by tumor type. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q and I².

Results

Immunotherapy significantly improved PFS and OS in MSI-H patients, with an HR for OS of 0.35 (9

SUBMITTER: Landre T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11861458 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature