The effect of calcium on acute sodium chloride toxicity in Daphnia species.

ABSTRACT: Chloride concentrations in freshwater are rising, with toxic effects on aquatic life. In temperate regions with cold winters, road salt used for deicing paved surfaces is a primary cause. There is evidence that water hardness can modify salt toxicity, but data are insufficient to inform policy. Because calcium is a primary ion influencing water hardness and there is widespread calcium decline in lakes, we examined the effects of varying calcium concentrations on acute salt toxicity in three Daphnia species to gain a greater understanding of the water hardness-salt toxicity relationship. We conducted 48-hr acute sodium chloride (NaCl) toxicity tests, using chloride concentrations as our metric, on neonates less than 24 hrs old in six calcium treatments: 1.5 to 128 mg/L (hardness ∼7 to 323 m

SUBMITTER: Buren S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11864205 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature