Single-Cell Analysis of Sex and Gender Differences in the Human Brain During Development and Disease.

ABSTRACT: Sex and gender (SG) differences in the human brain are of interest to society and science as numerous processes are impacted by them, including brain development, behavior, and diseases. By collecting publicly available single-cell data from the in-utero to elderly age in healthy, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis samples, we identified and characterized SG-biased genes in ten brain cell types across 9 age and disease groups. Sex and gender differences in the transcriptome were present throughout the lifespan and across all cell types. Although there was limited overlap among SG-biased genes across different age and disease groups, we observed significant functional overlap. Female-biased genes are consistently enriched for brain-related processes, while male-biased genes are enri

SUBMITTER: Zelco A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11868228 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature