Assessing trends and density of bird species in bottomland hardwood forests and riparian forests using simulation and sample size optimization for surveys.

ABSTRACT: The decline of neotropical migratory birds in North America is closely tied to habitat loss, including the degradation of bottomland hardwood and riparian forests, which provide essential habitats for numerous species. To address this, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducts bird surveys to monitor restoration efforts and evaluate conservation outcomes. This study assessed avian surveys from three National Wildlife Refuges in Texas and Oklahoma, using simulations, field data, and literature to evaluate current sampling protocols. Our findings revealed that achieving acceptable precision in bird density estimates (coefficient of variation: 0.15, 0.25) often requires more than 200 bird point counts, depending on the species and study area. While data aggregation across sites and years im

SUBMITTER: Stewart DR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11871069 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature