No gender difference in cardiac interoceptive accuracy: Potential psychophysiological contributors in heartbeat counting task.

ABSTRACT: Gender differences in interoceptive awareness-awareness of internal bodily signals such as heartbeat perception-have been suggested, with some findings indicating behaviourally reduced but subjectively enhanced awareness in women, though these findings are still contentious. This study aimed to comprehensively examine gender differences in three aspects of interoceptive awareness: behavioural accuracy, subjective confidence, and relationship between them (i.e., metacognition). We used a modified heartbeat counting task that prohibited estimation strategies and increased the number of trials up to 20. Using data from 74 healthy young adults (39 women and 35 men), we evaluated gender differences and practice effects for each measure via Bayesian linear mixed models, controlling for individua

SUBMITTER: Haruki Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11871792 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature