Metformin-mediated intestinal AMPK activation ameliorates PCOS through gut microbiota modulation and metabolic pathways.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder characterized by metabolic and ovulatory dysfunctions, often associated with an imbalance in gut microbiota. Despite current treatments, effective management strategies targeting underlying mechanisms remain limited.

Methods

In this study, we used a rat model of PCOS induced by letrozole and a high-fat diet. The effect of intestinal AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation was evaluated through metformin administration, the most commonly used AMPK activator. We analyzed metabolic parameters, ovulatory functions, gut microbiota composition, and serum levels of Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A), a metabolite involved in inflammation and apoptosis regulation.

Results

Metformin treatment significantly r

SUBMITTER: Xu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11876036 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature