Geostatistical analysis and multivariate assessment of groundwater quality.

ABSTRACT: Appraising groundwater quality is critical for identifying health-related risks and establishing foundations for safe water supply management. Traditional statistical analyses of groundwater quality often overlook spatial information and autocorrelation, which are essential for comprehensive assessment. This study examines 76 water samples collected from Tehsil Jaranwala, analyzing 12 water quality parameters (WQPs) through multivariate statistical techniques and a non-parametric geostatistical kriging approach. We estimate the variogram parameters using three techniques: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML), selecting the method with the lowest mean square error for further analysis. These parameters are incorporated i

SUBMITTER: A Alshahrani M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11876680 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature