Confounder adjustment in observational studies investigating multiple risk factors: a methodological study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Confounder adjustment is critical for accurate causal inference in observational studies. However, the appropriateness of methods for confounder adjustment in studies investigating multiple risk factors, where the factors are not simply mutually confounded, is often overlooked. This study aims to summarise the methods for confounder adjustment and the related issues in studies investigating multiple risk factors.

Methods

A methodological study was performed. We searched PubMed from January 2018 to March 2023 to identify cohort and case-control studies investigating multiple risk factors for three chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes and dementia). Study selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. The study objectives

SUBMITTER: Gao Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11881322 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature