Cascade-recharged macrophage-biomimetic ruthenium-based nanobattery for enhanced photodynamic-induced immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: Photodynamic-induced immunotherapy (PDI) is often hampered by low reactive oxygen species (ROS) yield, intra-tumor hypoxia, high glutathione (GSH) concentration, and immunosuppressive microenvironment. In view of this, a ruthenium (Ru)-based nanobattery (termed as IRD) with cascade-charged oxygen (O₂), ROS, and photodynamic-induced immunotherapy by coordination-driven self-assembly of transition-metal Ru, photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), and organic ligand dithiobispropionic acid (DTPA). Then, IRD is camouflaged with macrophage membranes to obtain a nanobattery (termed as IRD@M) with targeting and immune evasion capabilities. Upon intravenous administration, IRD@M with a core-shell structure, nano diameter, and good stability can specifically hoard in tumor location and

SUBMITTER: Xia G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11881368 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature