Antibody prophylaxis may mask subclinical SIV infections in macaques.

ABSTRACT: Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) show potential to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in humans¹. However, there are limited data on the antibody concentrations required to prevent infection. Clinical trials of bNAb prophylaxis have demonstrated partial efficacy², but the sampling frequency typically does not allow precise timing of infection events and concurrent antibody levels. Here, using simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques, we show that although potent bNAbs can delay the onset of acute viremia, subclinical infections occur while bNAb levels remain high. Serial SIV challenge of monkeys given partially and fully neutralizing bNAbs revealed that 'viral blips'-low and transient plasma viremia-often occur while

SUBMITTER: Gonelli CA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11882457 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature