Key drivers of large scale changes in North Atlantic atmospheric and oceanic circulations and their predictability.

ABSTRACT: Significant changes have occurred during the last few decades across the North Atlantic climate system, including in the atmosphere, ocean, and cryosphere. These large-scale changes play a vital role in shaping regional climate and extreme weather events across the UK and Western Europe. This review synthesizes the characteristics of observed large-scale changes in North Atlantic atmospheric and oceanic circulations during past decades, identifies the drivers and physical processes responsible for these changes, outlines projected changes due to anthropogenic warming, and discusses the predictability of these circulations. On multi-decadal time scales, internal variability, anthropogenic forcings (especially greenhouse gases), and natural forcings (such as solar variability and volcanic er

SUBMITTER: Dong B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11882673 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature