Oncocytic and spindle cell typical carcinoids of lung: different immunophenotype and biological behavior.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary typical carcinoids (TCs) are uncommon, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the lung that do not exhibit necrosis and have fewer than two mitoses per 2 mm², as defined by the current World Health Organization classifications. Despite their low-grade status and favorable prognostic impact, the protein expression profile and morphological characteristics associated with tumor progression and metastatic spread remain largely unidentified. Oncocytic and spindle cell histological variants are acknowledged for their role in differential diagnosis, though their clinical significance remains a topic of debate. We centrally reviewed a multicenter series of 297 TCs to identify cases of oncocytic and spindle cell variants. We examined associations with clinicopathological

SUBMITTER: Sabella G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11883411 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature