Association between protein intake and sources in mid-pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary protein intake and sources in the second trimester of pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to further investigate the effects of total protein and animal protein intake on the risk of GDM.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted, which involved 947 pregnant women in the second trimester from three hospitals in Jiangsu, China. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Two models (leave-one-out and partition models) in nutritional epidemiology were used for substitution analysis, and logistic regression was performed to explore the relationships, adjusting for multiple confounding factors.

Results

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SUBMITTER: Wang R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11884067 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature