HCC-derived CX3CL1 affects hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and CX3CR1 + MDSC infiltration.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely because of its ability to reshape the tumor microenvironment and evade immune surveillance.

Methods

CX3CL1 expression in HCC tumor tissues was assessed via immunohistochemistry, while plasma levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). CX3CR1-positive immune cell infiltration was analyzed by immunofluorescence. The associations among CX3CL1 expression, CX3CR1-positive cell infiltration, and patient prognosis were examined. Additionally, cell-based assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of CX3CL1 amplification on the expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-recruiting factors.

Results

Elevated CX3CL1 levels were

SUBMITTER: Zhang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11884201 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature