Human capital and regional disparities: Advancing accounting frameworks with education, health, and population dynamics.

ABSTRACT: This study advances the inclusive wealth accounting of human capital (HC) to improve global research on the valuation of HC for sustainability. By innovatively integrating complex population dynamics, including schooling and labor force participation, and using a net present value (NPV) valuation method aligned with capital budgeting principles, we quantitatively measure HC in 165 countries. As a methodological advancement, we use a unified framework that incorporates education, health and economic participation via the measurement of life expectancy in different life stages to inform sustainable development investments. Our analysis from 1990 to 2020 reveals significant differences in HC development across countries. While education is strongly correlated with GDP growth, disparities in h

SUBMITTER: Chen S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11884694 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature