Melatonin affects trophoblast epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and oxidative damage resistance by modulating GDF15 expression to promote embryo implantation.

ABSTRACT: Melatonin is widely observed in the female reproductive system and regulates trophoblast cell functions, but its effects on embryo implantation and underlying mechanisms are not well understood. By constructing an in vitro embryo culture model, we found that melatonin enhances migration and implantation in human and mouse trophoblast cells. It also significantly promoted HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, enhanced migration, and mitigated oxidative damage. Further investigation revealed that melatonin promoted trophoblast cell migration and increased the in vitro implantation rate of HTR-8/SVneo spheroids by promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)-mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (SMAD2/3) pathway. Addit

SUBMITTER: Yang G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11890731 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature