Ecological momentary assessment of cigarette smoking behavior and pain intensity among individuals with chronic back pain who smoke.

ABSTRACT: Chronic pain affects ∼20% of the adult population and is associated with smoking. Smoking and pain worsen each other in the long term, but short-term temporal associations between smoking and pain throughout the day are unclear. Understanding these relationships may inform strategies for managing comorbid smoking and pain. Participants with chronic back pain who smoke responded to 81.5% of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) prompts delivered 5 times daily. Independent variables were: 1) urge to smoke (from 1-9), 2) intention to smoke (about to smoke, not about to smoke), and 3) smoking recency (smoked <30 min ago, smoked >30 min ago); smoking now was included as a separate category in models 2 and 3. Associations with pain intensity (from 1-9) were estimated using multi-level models, in

SUBMITTER: Rubenstein D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11893238 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature