Trabecular-bone mimicking osteoconductive collagen scaffolds: an optimized 3D printing approach using freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Technological constraints limit 3D printing of collagen structures with complex trabecular shapes. However, the Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) method may allow for precise 3D printing of porous collagen scaffolds that carry the potential for repairing critical size bone defects.

Methods

Collagen type I scaffolds mimicking trabecular bone were fabricated through FRESH 3D printing and compared either with 2D collagen coatings or with 3D-printed polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) scaffolds. The porosity of the printed scaffolds was visualized by confocal microscopy, the surface geometry of the scaffolds was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their mechanical properties were assessed with a rheometer. The osteocon

SUBMITTER: Kontakis MG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11895158 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature