High frequency of ambophily in a Brazilian campos de altitude.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Ambophily, an intriguing pollination system in which plant species present adaptations to both biotic and abiotic pollination, has been scarcely reported. Most studies have been conducted with a single or few related species from wind-pollinated genera. We here assess for the first time the frequency of ambophily at the community level.

Methods

We evaluated pollen carried by wind in 63 animal-pollinated species from a Brazilian campos de altitude. For those with pollen carried by wind, we evaluated the contribution of wind and animals to seed production with controlled pollination experiments, as well as floral traits and floral visitor assemblages.

Key results

Pollen of 23 species was carried by wind (~37 %). Animals and wind contributed to the re

SUBMITTER: Pacheco A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11897592 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature