Vulnerability of fault-tolerant topological quantum error correction to quantum deviations in code space.

ABSTRACT: Quantum computers face significant challenges from quantum deviations or coherent noise, particularly during gate operations, which pose a complex threat to the efficacy of quantum error correction (QEC) protocols. Here we scrutinize the performance of the topological toric code in 2D under the dual influence of stochastic noise and quantum deviations, especially during the critical phases of initial state preparation and error detection facilitated by multiqubit entanglement gates. By mapping the multiround error detection protocol-from the inception of an imperfectly prepared code state via imperfect stabilizer measurements-to a statistical mechanical model (3D Z2 gauge theory coupled with 2D Z2 gauge theory), we establish a link between the error threshold and the model's phase transiti

SUBMITTER: Zhao Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11897702 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature