The allogenic non-proteinogenic amino acid BMAA-based vaccine breaks up the immune tolerance against colorectal cancer.

ABSTRACT: The fundamental issue in immunotherapy is the lack of tumor-specific antigens in most types of tumors, leading to immune tolerance. For approximately 85% of patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC), the absence of tumor neoantigens results in poor immunotherapy efficacy. Our previous study demonstrated that the misincorporation of non-proteinogenic proline (Pro) analog azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZE) could generate mutated proteins that significantly enhance tumor cell antigenicity and anti-tumor immune responses. Methods: To activate more specific anti-tumor immune responses with fewer side effects, we utilized the non-proteinogenic serine (Ser) analog β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), which can be misincorporated into proteins as a Ser substitute by sery

SUBMITTER: Tian B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11898291 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature