Tomatine Improves Glucose Metabolism and Mitochondrial Respiration in Insulin-Resistant Hepatocyte Cell Lines AML12 and HepG2 via an AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Pathway.

ABSTRACT: Insulin resistance (IR) disrupts hepatic glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function, which contributes to metabolic disorders. The present study examined the effects of tomatine on glucose metabolism in high-glucose-induced IR hepatocytes and explored its underlying mechanisms using AML12 and HepG2 cell models. The results showed that tomatine did not exhibit cytotoxic effects. Under IR conditions, tomatine dose-dependently improved glucose metabolism by enhancing glucose consumption and restoring the mRNA expression of the glucose transporter Glut2 and gluconeogenesis-related genes (Pepck and G6pase). Mechanistically, tomatine activated the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g

SUBMITTER: Lee YG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11898437 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature