Untargeted Metabolomics and Chemometrics Elucidate Dynamic Plasma Profile Changes Induced by Cocoa Shell in Female Rats.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study aimed to explore the effects of cocoa shell extract (CSE) supplementation on the plasma metabolome of female rats.

Methods

Female rats were supplemented with CSE (250 mg/kg/day) over seven days, and plasma samples were collected at baseline, day 4, and day 7 for untargeted metabolomic profiling using LC-ESI-QTOF.

Results

A total of 244 plasma metabolites were identified, while 180 were detected in the CSE. Among these, only 21 compounds were consistently detected in both the CSE and the plasma at baseline and day 7. Notably, just three compounds, caffeine, theobromine, and N-isovaleroylglycine, were bioavailable, detected only in plasma after supplementation on day 7, confirming their absorption and systemic distribution. Pathways related t

SUBMITTER: Ramiro-Cortijo D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11902091 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature