Adrenomedullin Inhibits the Efficacy of Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Biliary Tract Cancer by Disrupting Endothelial Cell Functions.

ABSTRACT: The global incidence of biliary tract cancer (BTC) is on the rise, presenting a substantial healthcare challenge. The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with molecularly targeted therapies is emerging as a strategy to enhance immune responses. However, the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of these treatments in BTC are still largely unexplored. In this study, tissue samples from 19 BTC patients treated with camrelizumab and apatinib were analysed using the NanoString 289-panel to identify key molecular biomarkers. Comparative analyses and subsequent experimental validations, including cell-based assays and histopathological examinations, identified adrenomedullin (ADM) as a critical molecular marker associated with treatment efficacy and poor prognosis. ADM has been shown

SUBMITTER: Xuan Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11903196 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature