Dual Targeting Biomimetic Carrier-Free Nanosystems for Photo-Chemotherapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis via Macrophage Apoptosis and Re-Polarization.

ABSTRACT: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease that often results in irreversible joint erosion and disability. Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line drug against RA, but the significant side effects of long-term administration limit its use. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed for treating RA. Here, dual-targeting biomimetic carrier-free nanomaterials (BSA-MTX-CyI nanosystem, BMC) is developed for synergistic photo-chemotherapy of RA. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), which has high affinity with SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) in the RA joint microenvironment, is selected as the hydrophilic end and coupled with MTX and the phototherapeutic agent CyI to self-assemble into BMC. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that BMC accumula

SUBMITTER: Xue G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11904978 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature