Batch-fabricated full glassy carbon fibers for real-time tonic and phasic dopamine detection.

ABSTRACT: Dopamine (DA) is a critical neurotransmitter that is key in regulating motor functions, motivation, and reward-related behavior. Measuring both tonic (baseline, steady-state) and phasic (rapid, burst-like) DA release is essential for elucidating the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, which are associated with dysregulated tonic and phasic DA signaling. Carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFEs) are considered the gold standard for measuring rapid neurotransmitter changes due to their small size (5-10 µm), biocompatibility, flexibility, and excellent electrochemical properties. However, achieving consistent results and large-scale production of CFE arrays through manual fabrication poses significant challenges. We previously developed flexi

SUBMITTER: Siwakoti U 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11906454 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature