Visual Deficits in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Retinopathy: From Retinal Structure to Higher-Level Visual Functions.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate deficits at varying levels of visual system in diabetes without clinical retinopathy (NoDR) and to explore the optimal method for detecting early diabetic visual disorders among functional and retinal structural assessments included.

Methods

This cross-sectional study examined eyes by the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts, visual psychophysical tests, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA). Visual psychophysical metrics included grating acuity (GA), and contrast sensitivity to first-order motion stimuli (1stM), second-order contrast-modulated stationary stimuli (2ndS), and second-order motion stimuli (2ndM). Generalized linear mixed effect (GLME) models were applied to assess

SUBMITTER: Luo S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11918064 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature