Enhanced efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors by folate-targeted multifunctional drug through synergistic therapy inducing ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death in bladder cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

The research aims to elucidate the anti-tumor mechanism of the composite multifunctional folate-targeted drug DIFP-FA through sonodynamic therapy (SDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and chemotherapy, as well as its potential to augment immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in bladder cancer (BC).

Methods

DIFP-FA was synthesized via the W/O/W method. Its targeting efficacy was assessed using immunofluorescence and small animal imaging. Specific mechanisms were investigated through transcriptome sequencing and validation at both cellular and animal levels was conducted. BC patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models, derived from BC tissues resistant to cisplatin-gemcitabine and tislelizumab, were utilized to evaluate the

SUBMITTER: Shi Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11919378 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature