Non-invasive brain stimulation for upper extremity dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are the most commonly used non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. However, NIBS for upper extremity dysfunction remains unclear in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Thus, we aim to determine safety and effectiveness of NIBS for upper extremity dysfunction in children with CP.

Methods

Two reviewers conducted literature search on five databases including PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus, and Embase independently. Systematic review and meta-analyses of included studies were conducted. Studies used standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to calculate pooled effect size between two groups. The statistics I² wa

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11921285 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature