Where are higher-order cognitive functions? The paradox of non-locality in awake cognitive mapping using a complex dynamic system framework.

ABSTRACT: This study addresses the challenge in identifying and preserving higher-order cognitive functions within a complex dynamic systems framework during neurosurgery. Traditionally, neurosurgical practice has prioritized avoiding language and motor deficits, while higher-order functions-such as social cognition and executive processes-remain underexplored. These functions arise from dynamic large-scale networks operating in an optimal balance between synchronization and metastability rather than from isolated and localized cortical regions. This complexity highlights a paradox of non-locality in awake cognitive mapping: no single area "contains" a function, but certain "critical points" can transiently disrupt network dynamics when stimulated intraoperatively. Direct electrical stimulation prov

SUBMITTER: Martin-Fernandez J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11922077 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature