Associations between Parenting and Cognitive and Language Abilities at 2 Years of Age Depend on Prenatal Exposure to Disadvantage.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate whether parenting or neonatal brain volumes mediate associations between prenatal social disadvantage (PSD) and cognitive/language abilities and whether these mechanisms vary by level of disadvantage.

Study design

Pregnant women were recruited prospectively from obstetric clinics in St Louis, Missouri. PSD encompassed access to social (eg, education) and material (eg, income to needs, health insurance, area deprivation, and nutrition) resources during pregnancy. Neonates underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. Mother-child dyads (n = 202) returned at age 1 year for parenting observations and at age 2 years for cognition/language assessments (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition). Generalized additive and mediation models

SUBMITTER: Leverett SD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11927132 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature