Causal Effect of Smoking and Cessation on Tooth Loss.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

To estimate the causal effects of smoking and cessation on tooth loss using instrumental variable (IV) analysis.

Material and methods

Data from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), conducted from 1995 to 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012 in 50 U.S. states and Washington DC, were merged with cigarette pack prices and smoking ban data from the CDC 'Tax Burden on Tobacco' and 'State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation' (STATE) System. Prices and bans served as IVs for ever smoking and cessation in a control function IV model for self-reported edentulism and loss of 6+ teeth. IV models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, type 2 diabetes, state unemployment rates, state health expenditures, and state fixed effects.

Result

SUBMITTER: Baumeister SE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11949599 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature